1. "If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America," says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education. (2011. 阅读. 6. Text 1)

　　【译文】“如果看现在谁上大学，这看起来更像美国。”比尔&美琳达·盖茨夫妇基金项目负责人Hilary Pennington在密切研究高等教育的招生模式之后如此说。

　　【析句】英语长句中很大一部分是包含了某人说话的内容、观点等，如例句1 。主句Hilary Pennington says，在句中用了倒装，把says的宾语从句置于句首。宾语从句的主句是it looks like America, 前面是if引导的条件状语从句。director of postsecondary programs...作主句主语Hilary Pennington的同位语，而同位语中 the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation有which引导的定语从句修饰。

　　2. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lain Gainer, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves. (2011. 阅读. 6. Text 1)

　　【译文】根据哈佛大学法学院教授Lain Gainer收集的数据，最优秀的学校更可能选择至少父母一方是非洲或加勒比移民的黑人学生，而不是选择美国黑奴后代的黑人学生。

　　【析句】复合句。主句the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks...than..., 是比较句，比较的对象是blacks和black students, 两者都有who引导的定语从句修饰，分别是who have at least one immigrant parent...和who are descendants of American slaves。

　　3. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill – knowing full well that the students won't make it. (2011. 阅读. 6. Text 1)

　　【译文】某些学校为了盈利，尽管知道学生无力负担，却冷漠地增加学费，指望学生贷款和政府补贴填补赤字。

　　【析句】复合句。主句Some schools increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill,包含两个并列谓语increase和count on，to foot the bill是不定式作目的状语。破折号后，knowing full well是现在分词作定语，knowing后有that引导的宾语从句。