托福tpo68听力lecture3 A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites原文翻译及问题答案

托福tpo68听力lecture3 A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites原文翻译及问题答案，今天中国教育在线就来为大家分析这个问题。

A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福听力原文：

Professor:OK,Paul asked if I could talk a little bit about the project that I have been working on,on and off for the last few years.And yes,I'd love to.We are working in a remote part of the state of Utah in a place called Range Creek Canyon.Around a thousand years ago,Range Creek Canyon was the site of a large native American community.A group known today is the Fremont people,spelled F R E M O N T.The number of archaeological sites and the state of preservation of the site is amazing.In the first year,we worked there in one week,we recorded 77 undisturbed sites,that's phenomenal.I've worked in archaeology pretty much all my adult life.And I've only seen half a dozen sites that I knew were absolutely undisturbed,but in Range Creek Canyon,there are hundreds.

Student:Like what kind of stuff that you’ve found there?

Professor:Oh,houses,greeneries,rock art,digging stick,ropes,stone blades,arrows and arrow heads,lots of pottery.What looks like personal jewelry,and we have only surveyed maybe 5-10%of the area.It's mind-boggling.

Student:Are these sites that we could visit,if we were out in the area?.

Professor:Actually,it is now possible for the public to visit Range Creek,and that's well,I mean you’ve all learnt a great deal about archaeology and are pretty serious about it.But the general public,let's just say a lot of us in the field,aren’t so crazy about the idea.

Student:I can imagine,so this is pretty reason thing？

Professor:Yes,because the location is so remote,the sites weren’t discovered until the 1940s,then after they were discovered,the family that owned the land,kept very strict control over the sites,and who could visit them,and what they could do there and so on,but then 2002,the family sold that land to the government,and so now the public has much greater access to it.

Student:Maybe too much access.

Professor:Right and you know there are lots of sites you have to excavate really quickly because some construction companies anxious to get in there with heavy equipment,but that's not the case with Range Creek.If I had my way,we wouldn't touch most of those sites till least 20 or 30 years from now.When I expect will have technologies we can’t even imagine yet.It won't matter though,what high-tech methods we might develop.That the government can't keep the sites protected,so that's a major concern right now.

Student:So are there like any great mystery is there,you know,like with the Mayans,central America.

Professor:Yes,there are.For instance,the Fremont built some of their houses in really inconvenient places,like in rock pinnacles or on the edges of cliffs,really dangerous places to live.Not a great place to raise children.Plus in your thousand feet above your water and your fields and,and,and they put their greeneries,where they stored their corn in virtually inaccessible places,high on the size of canyon walls.You could imagine the amount of work that it took to construct them.All the stone,all the mud there made of,had to be carried up to those high locations to build them.And corn was the most important crop.

Student:Maybe they were afraid some other group was going to attack them,or maybe could’ve something to do with their religion.You know,like feeling,they were close to their gods up there.

Professor:Well,those are actually two current theories and I think probably was defense that was their top priority.If that’s true,then the question really is,who or what,was it that made them feel so insecure.Then,there is another mystery,around thirteen hundred AD,there is a major change.For some reason they stopped building substantial structures.They stopped making fine pottery.There was a change in their basket making and it looks like a pretty firm break.So,the other people came in and forced the Fremont out or did farming become difficult,so people returned to hunting and gathering or...

Student:Wasn’t thirteen hundred AD,like,didn’t something mysterious happen to other native American peoples that time too.

Professor:Ah,so you’re really into the mysteries,yes,thirteen hundred AD,it's one of the biggest questions in American archaeology,you had widespread sudden change,you had societies collapsing,and that's one reason,the Range Creek sites were so promising,we might finally be able to figure out what happened,gained some insight into a number of native American societies.

二、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福听力中文翻译：

教授：好的，保罗问我能否谈谈我在过去几年里一直在做的项目。是的，我很乐意。我们正在犹他州的一个偏远地区兰奇溪峡谷工作。大约一千年前，岭溪峡谷是一个大型美洲土著社区的所在地。今天已知的一个群体是弗里蒙特人，拼写为F R E M O N T。考古遗址的数量和遗址的保存状态令人惊讶。第一年，我们在那里工作了一周，我们记录了77个未受干扰的地点，这是惊人的。我成年后几乎一直从事考古学工作。我只看到了六个我知道绝对未受干扰的地点，但在Range Creek峡谷，有数百个。

学生：比如你在那里发现了什么样的东西？

教授：哦，房子，绿色植物，岩画，挖掘棒，绳子，石刀，箭头和箭头，还有很多陶器。什么看起来像私人珠宝，我们只调查了大概5-10%的区域。这令人难以置信。

学生：如果我们在这个地区的话，这些网站是我们可以访问的吗？。

教授：事实上，现在公众可以参观Range Creek了，这很好，我的意思是你们都学到了很多关于考古学的知识，并且对考古学非常认真。但一般公众，我们在这个领域的很多人，对这个想法并不那么热衷。

学生：我可以想象，这是很有道理的事情

教授：是的，因为位置很偏远，这些遗址直到20世纪40年代才被发现，然后在它们被发现后，拥有土地的家族对这些遗址保持着非常严格的控制，谁可以访问这些遗址，他们可以在那里做什么等等，但在2002年，家族将这些土地出售给了政府，因此现在公众有了更多的机会获得这些土地。

学生：可能太多了。

教授：是的，你知道有很多场地你必须很快挖掘，因为一些建筑公司急于用重型设备进入那里，但Range Creek的情况并非如此。如果我有自己的想法，我们至少要到20年或30年后才能接触到这些网站。当我预计将有我们甚至无法想象的技术。不过，我们可能会开发什么高科技方法并不重要。政府无法保护这些网站，所以这是目前的一个主要问题。

学生：你知道，就像中美洲的玛雅人一样，这里有什么神秘的地方吗。

教授：是的，有。例如，弗里蒙特人把他们的一些房子建在非常不方便的地方，比如岩峰或悬崖边缘，这些地方非常危险。不是一个养育孩子的好地方。再加上在你的水面和田野上的千英尺高处，他们种植了自己的绿叶，把玉米储藏在几乎无法接近的地方，高高的峡谷壁那么大。你可以想象建造它们所需的工作量。那里所有的石头，所有的泥土都必须运到那些高处才能建造起来。玉米是最重要的作物。

学生：也许他们害怕其他团体会袭击他们，或者可能与他们的宗教有关。你知道，就像感觉一样，他们离他们的神很近。

教授：嗯，这实际上是目前的两种理论，我想可能是防御，这是他们的首要任务。如果这是真的，那么问题真的是，是谁或什么让他们感到如此不安全。然后，还有另一个谜团，大约在公元1300年，有一个重大的变化。出于某种原因，他们停止建造实体结构。他们停止制作精美的陶器。他们的篮筐制作发生了变化，看起来这是一个相当稳固的突破。所以，其他人进来，迫使弗里蒙特人离开，或者耕作变得困难，所以人们返回狩猎和采集，或者。。。

学生：是不是在公元1300年，当时其他美洲原住民也发生了一些神秘的事情。

教授：啊，所以你真的很喜欢神秘，是的，公元1300年，这是美国考古学中最大的问题之一，你经历了大范围的突然变化，社会崩溃，这是一个原因，Range Creek遗址非常有希望，我们可能最终能够弄清楚发生了什么，对一些美洲土著社会有了一些了解。

三、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福听力问题：

Q1:What does the professor mainly discuss?

A.An archaeology project in which the students will participate

B.The influence of the Fremont culture on Native American architecture

C.A group of mostly undisturbed archaeological sites in Utah

D.A significant historical event that occurred around 1300 A.D.

Q2:What is the professor explaining when she mentions the number and condition of archaeological sites in Range Creek Canyon?

A.Why the possibilities for archaeological research in Range Creek Canyon are exceptionally rich

B.Why most serious archaeologists have little interest in working in Range Creek Canyon

C.Why archaeology students are urgently needed to work on the Range Creek Canyon project

D.Why the government became interested in purchasing Range Creek Canyon

Q3:Why does the professor say that the students have learned a great deal about archaeology?

A.To acknowledge that they have probably heard about the Range Creek Canyon sites already

B.To indicate that she would not object to them visiting the Range Creek Canyon sites

C.To urge them to apply for research positions at Range Creek Canyon

D.To encourage them to read reports about the research at Range Creek Canyon

Q4:When did public access to the archaeological sites in the Range Creek Canyon area greatly increase?

A.Immediately after the Range Creek Canyon sites were discovered

B.After most of the Range Creek Canyon sites had been excavated

C.After the government sold the land to a construction company

D.After the land was sold to the government

Q5:What is the professor’s opinion about excavation of the Range Creek Canyon sites?

A.Researchers must use the latest technology to begin excavating all the sites as soon as possible.

B.Excavation at all sites needs to be completed within the next 30 years.

C.Heavy equipment should be used to speed the excavation of selected sites.

D.Nearly all of the sites should be left undisturbed until technology improves.

Q6:According to the professor,what are two mysteries related to the Fremont people?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.Where they came from

B.Why they built structures in unusual locations

C.Why they chose to settle in Range Creek Canyon

D.Why their society suddenly experienced major changes

四、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福听力答案：

A1:正确答案：C

A2:正确答案：A

A3:正确答案：B

A4:正确答案：D

A5:正确答案：D

A6:正确答案：DB

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