The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl剑桥雅思10听力-原文翻译及答案解析

一、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 听力原文：

VICTOR:Right, well, for our presentation shall I start with the early life of Thor Heyerdahl?

OLIVIA:Sure.

Why don't you begin with describing the type of boy he was, especially - his passion for collecting things.

VICTOR:That's right, he had his own little museum.

And I think it's unusual for children to develop their own values and not join in their parents' hobbies;

I’m thinking of how Heyerdahl wouldn't go hunting with his dad, for example.

OLIVIA:Yeah, he preferred to learn about nature by listening to his mother read to him.

And quite early on he knew he wanted to become an explorer when he grew up.

That came from his camping trips he went on in Norway I think...

VICTOR:No, - it was climbing that he spent his time on as a young man.

OLIVIA:Oh, right...

After university he married a classmate and together, - they decided to experience living on a small island, - to find out how harsh weather conditions shaped people's lifestyles.

VICTOR:As part of their preparation before they left home, they learnt basic survival skills tike building a shelter.

I guess they needed that knowledge in order to live wild in a remote location with few inhabitants, cut off by the sea, which is what they were aiming to do.

OLIVIA:An important part of your talk should be the radical theory Heyerdahl formed from examining mysterious ancient carvings that he happened to find on the island.

I think you should finish with that.

VICTOR:OK.

OLIVIA:All right, Victor, so after your part I'll talk about Thor Heyerdahl's adult life, continuing from the theory he had about Polynesian migration.

Up until that time of course, academics had believed that humans first migrated to the islands in Polynesia from Asia, in the west.

VICTOR:Yes,  they thought that travel from the east was impossible, because of the huge, empty stretch of ocean that lies between the islands and the nearest inhabited land.

OLIVIA:Yes, but Heyerdahl spent ages studying the cloud movements, ocean currents and wind patterns to find if it was actually possible.

And another argument was that there was no tradition of large ship-building in the communities lying to the east of Polynesia.

But Heyerdahl knew they made lots of coastal voyages in locally built canoes.

VICTOR:Yes, or sailing on rafts, as was shown by the long voyage that Heyerdahl did next.

It was an incredibly risky journey to undertake—sometimes I wonder if he did that trip for private reasons, you know?

To show others that he could have spectacular adventures.

What do you think, Olivia?

OLIVIA:Well,  I think it was more a matter of simply trying out his idea, to see if migration from the east was possible.

VICTOR:Yes, that's probably it.

And the poor guy suffered a bit at that time because the war forced him to stop his work for some years...

OLIVIA:Yes.

When he got started again and planned his epic voyage, do you think it was important to him that he achieve it before anyone else did?

VICTOR:Um, I haven't read anywhere that that was his motivation.

The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.

OLIVIA:Yes.

I wonder how fast it went.

VICTOR:Well, it took them 97 days from South America to the Pacific Islands.

OLIVIA:Mm.

And after that, Heyerdahl went to Easter Island, didn't he?

We should the purpose of that trip.

I think he sailed there in a boat made out of reeds.

VICTOR:No, that was later on in Egypt, Olivia.

OLIVIA:Oh, yes, that’s right.

VICTOR:But what he wanted to do was  talk to the local people about their old stone carvings and then make one himself to learn more about the process.

OLIVIA:I see.

Well, what a great life.

Even though many of his theories have been disproven, he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines, didn't he?

To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modem academics call practical archaeology.

I mean, that they try to recreate something from the past today, like he did with his raft trip.

It's unfortunate that his ideas about where Polynesians originated from have been completely discredited.

VICTOR:Yes.

Right, well, I'll prepare a PowerPoint slide at the end that acknowledges our sources.

I mainly used The Life and Work of Thor Heyerdahl by William Oliver.

I thought the research methods he used were very sound,  although I must say I found the overall tone somewhat old-fashioned.

I think they need to do a new, revised edition.

OLIVIA:Yeah.

I agree.

What about the subject matter—I found it realty challenging!

VICTOR:Well, it's a complex issue...

OLIVIA:I thought the book had lots of good points.

What did you think of...

二、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 听力中文翻译：

维克多：好的，那么，在我们的演讲中，我应该从托尔·海尔达尔的早期生活开始吗？

奥利维亚：当然

你为什么不先描述一下他是什么样的男孩，尤其是他对收集东西的热情

维克多：没错，他有自己的小博物馆

我认为孩子们发展自己的价值观而不加入父母的爱好是不寻常的；

例如，我在想海尔达尔怎么会不和他爸爸一起去打猎

奥利维亚：是的，他更喜欢听妈妈给他朗读，来了解大自然

他很早就知道长大后想成为一名探险家

那是他在挪威野营的结果我想

维克多：不，-他年轻时花时间在爬山上

奥利维亚：哦，对了

大学毕业后，他和一位同学结婚，他们决定在一个小岛上体验生活，以了解恶劣的天气条件是如何影响人们的生活方式的

维克多：作为他们离家前准备工作的一部分，他们学习了基本的生存技能，比如建造庇护所

我想他们需要这些知识，才能在一个远离大海、人烟稀少的偏远地区野外生活，这正是他们的目标

奥利维亚：你演讲的一个重要部分应该是海尔达尔通过研究他碰巧在岛上发现的神秘古代雕刻而形成的激进理论

我想你应该把它做完

维克多：好的

奥利维亚：好吧，维克多，在你演完这一角色后，我将继续讨论托尔·海尔达尔的成年生活，继续他关于波利尼西亚移民的理论

当然，在此之前，学者们一直认为，人类首先是从西方的亚洲迁徙到波利尼西亚群岛的

维克多：是的，他们认为从东方旅行是不可能的，因为岛屿和最近有人居住的土地之间有一大片空旷的海洋

奥利维亚：是的，但海尔达尔花了很长时间研究云层运动、洋流和风的模式，以发现这是否真的可能

另一个论点是，波利尼西亚东部的社区没有建造大型船只的传统

但海尔达尔知道，他们经常乘坐当地制造的独木舟进行沿海航行

维克多：是的，或者像海尔达尔接下来的长途航行所显示的那样，乘木筏航行

这是一次极其冒险的旅行，有时我想知道他是不是出于私人原因，你知道吗？

向其他人展示他可以进行精彩的冒险

你觉得怎么样，奥利维亚？

奥利维亚：嗯，我认为这更简单的是尝试他的想法，看看是否有可能从东方移民过来

维克多：是的，可能就是这样

那个可怜的家伙当时也有点痛苦，因为战争迫使他停止工作几年

奥利维亚：是的

当他重新开始并计划他的史诗般的航行时，你认为他比其他人更早实现这一目标对他来说重要吗？

维克多：嗯，我没有读到任何地方说那是他的动机

最重要的因素似乎是他只使用古代技术和当地材料来建造他的木筏

奥利维亚：是的

我想知道它跑得有多快

维克多：嗯，他们从南美洲到太平洋岛屿花了97天的时间

奥利维亚：嗯

之后，海尔达尔去了复活节岛，不是吗？

我们应该知道那次旅行的目的

我想他是坐着芦苇做的船去的

维克多：不，那是后来在埃及发生的事，奥利维亚

奥利维亚：哦，是的，没错

维克多：但他想做的是和当地人谈谈他们的旧石雕，然后自己制作一个，以了解更多的工艺

奥利维亚：我明白了

哦，多么美好的生活啊

尽管他的许多理论都被推翻了，但他确实在许多学科上留下了持久的印象，不是吗？

在我看来，他是第一个建立现代学术界称之为实用考古学的人

我的意思是，他们试图重现今天的过去，就像他在木筏旅行中所做的那样

不幸的是，他关于波利尼西亚人起源于何处的想法已经完全失信了

维克多：是的

好吧，我会在最后准备一张PowerPoint幻灯片，感谢我们的消息来源

我主要使用威廉·奥利弗的《托尔·海尔达尔的生活和作品》

我认为他使用的研究方法非常合理，尽管我必须说，我发现总体基调有些过时

我认为他们需要做一个新的修订版

奥利维亚：是的

我同意

那主题呢？我发现它很有挑战性！

维克多：嗯，这是一个复杂的问题

奥利维亚：我觉得这本书有很多优点

你觉得

三、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 听力问题：

Question 21-22

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO hobbies was Thor Heyerdahl very interested in as a youth?

A. camping

B. climbing

C. collecting

D. hunting

E. reading

Question 23-24

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which do the speakers say are the TWO reasons why Heyerdahl went to live on an island?

A. to examine ancient carvings

B. to experience an isolated place

C. to formulate a new theory

D. to learn survival skills

E. to study the impact of an extreme environment

Question 25-30

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

25.According to Victor and Olivia, academics thought that Polynesian migration from the east was impossible due to

A. the fact that Eastern countries were far away.

B. the lack of materials for boat building.

C. the direction of the winds and currents.

26.Which do the speakers agree was the main reason for Heyerdahl’s raft journey?

A. to overcome a research setback

B. to demonstrate a personal quality

C. to test a new theory

27.What was most important to Heyerdahl about his raft journey?

A. the fact that he was the first person to do it

B. the speed of crossing the Pacific

C. the use of authentic construction methods

28.Why did Heyerdahl go to Easter Island?

A. to build a stone statue

B. to sail a reed boat

C. to learn the local language

29.In Olivia’s opinion, Heyerdahl’s greatest influence was on

A. theories about Polynesian origins.

B. the development of archaeological methodology.

C. establishing archaeology as an academic subject.

30.Which criticism do the speakers make of William Oliver's textbook?

A. Its style is out of date.

B. Its content is over-simplified.

C. Its methodology is flawed.

四、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 听力答案：

21.B

22.C

23.B

24.E

25.A

26.C

27.C

28.A

29.B

30.A

五、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 听力答案解析

25. A　本题最容易错选成C 选项the direction of the winds and currents，因为听到原文很清晰地读出ocean currents，但这不是学术界的观点

Heyerdahl 花时间研究了云层运动、洋流和风的运动模式之后，他觉得从西方到东方是可能的但学术界认为根本不可能，因为because of the huge,

empty stretch（延伸；鸿沟）of ocean that lies between the islands，而本题要选的正是为什么学术界认为不可能，因此答案选A至于B 选项，后

文虽然提到another argument（另外一个争论）...no tradition of large shipbuilding（没有大型造船传统），但B 选项的意思是没有材料造船，属于偷换原文的概念，同时原文后来也提到Heyerdahl 其实是通过划raft/canoe（独木舟）最后到达了东方因此B 也是错误的选项

26. C　首先需要明确本题选择的是Oliva 的观点，而原文中提到的To show others that he could have spectacular adventures. 是Victor 的观点，所以不能选B较难区分的是选项A to overcome a research setback 和C 选项to test a new theory注意原文的用词是simply trying out his idea，即尝试一下、检验一下，因此答案为CA 选项的意思是克服研究的失败，与simply try 的意思不一致

27. C　虽然原文一开始提到了he achieve it before anyone else did，但很快被后文的I haven’t read anywhere that that was his motivation（我还没有读到驱使他做这件事的原因）否定，这说明“成为第一人”对于Heyerdahl 来说并不重要，因此A 为错误选项后文接着提到The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.（最重要的是他仅仅使用古老的技术和当地的材料来建造他的独木舟），所以C 为正确选项后面说的I wonder how fast it went 只是对这个问题的延伸，属于干扰信息，所以B 也是错误选项

28. A　本题很容易误选B 选项to sail a reed boat，因为原文首先清楚地提到we should mention the purpose（目的）of that trip 后，接着紧跟了一句I think he sailed（航行）there in a boat made out of reeds（芦苇），但这并不是Heyerdahl 去东方岛屿的原因，这只是Olivia 补充的一个信息再接着后面有一个清楚的转折词but，并且还有一个表示意愿的短语what he wanted to do...，那么此处便是回答了题目中why 的部分再看原文他与当地人的交谈，其实是为了自己也能动手建一个stone carvings（石雕），而不是为了学习当地的语言，因此C 也是错误选项

29. B　首先注意到even though 表示尽管，所以这部分并不是说话者想要表达的重点当听到he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines（注意discipline 在此处表示学科），didn’t he? To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology，明确了他是建立现代学术界称之为“实践考古学”的第一人因此是Heyerdahl 发展了考古学这门学科，而不是他把考古学创建为一门学术学科，所以答案选B，其中methodology 表示方法论选项C 为干扰项尽管后面还提到了his ideas about where Polynesians originated from...，但不能选A，因为这句话前面先出现了unfortunately，表明说话者对后面的内容是抱有遗憾的态度，同时，句末还出现了completely discredited，其中credit 的意思是“信用”，加上前缀dis-，即变为“不可相信”的意思

30. A　首先明确sound 作形容词时表示“健全的，完好的”，那么C 便是错误的选项，因为flawed 的意为“有瑕疵的”原文中接着提到I found the overall tone Somewhat oldfashioned（过时的，陈旧的），对应A 选项中的out-of-date另外，这里的tone 表示的是文章的风格，也对应A 选项中的style，因此选项A 是正确的注意区分后面说的it’s a complex issue，it 指代的是前面提到的subject matter（主题），结合全文的意思，Victor 和Olivia 是在讨论他们要做的presentation 的主题该定什么好，而不是在讨论本书的内容简单(over-simplified) 与否，因此B 为错误选项

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