Discuss a Research Project托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

Discuss a Research Project托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、Discuss a Research Project 托福听力原文：

NARRATOR: Listen to a conversation between a student and her sociology professor.

MALE PROFESSOR: I'm glad you got my message and were able to make it … but where are the other members of your group, Tom and Jane?

FEMALE STUDENT: They're actually at the library …. They have a biology lab assignment that's due later this afternoon … so I'm here to represent the whole group.

But, um, when we got your e-mail message—about being worried about our research project—we were a little confused. We thought you were excited about our idea for the project ….

MALE PROFESSOR: Well, I think it's a great research topic, but when I looked closely at your plan for accomplishing the research, I realized that your group was probably asking for some trouble.

FEMALE STUDENT: What do you mean? I thought that … you know … by monitoring students studying in the library, we could really, uh, get a good understanding of people’s study habits and stuff.

MALE PROFESSOR: The thing is … I think you might have a problem because of the Hawthorne effect.

FEMALE STUDENT: The Hawthorne effect?

MALE PROFESSOR: The Hawthorne effect is a technical term for when researchers … uh, more or less forget about a specific variable … the variable of the researchers themselves.

Now, the students in the library … they're going to know that you’re observing them, right?  So you have to consider the effect your very presence will have on the people you’re observing.

FEMALE STUDENT: But … so you think … I-I mean, it's not like our observations would be a secret ….  The students would know exactly what we'd be doing ….  I mean, we'd put up a sign right outside the library ….

MALE PROFESSOR: Yes … but that’s just it …. When people know they're being watched, they act differently. Let me explain how the Hawthorne effect got its name and … well, you'll get the idea.

See, there was a manufacturing facility called the Hawthorne plant. And researchers conducted some experiments there to see what conditions made workers the most productive.

FEMALE STUDENT: What sort of conditions?

MALE PROFESSOR: Well … one thing they experimented with was the lights …. Were workers more productive with bright lights or dim lights? Well, here’s the thing: Whatever the researchers did, the workers’ productivity increased. When the lighting was improved, productivity went up. When the lighting was dimmed, productivity went up again.

FEMALE STUDENT: That doesn't make a lot of sense.

MALE PROFESSOR: Exactly…. So initially, the experiment was considered a failure. But then the researchers realized that their own presence had affected the workers'productivity. The workers knew that the researchers were watching them, and with so much attention on them, the workers felt compelled to work harder.

FEMALE STUDENT: Oh … I guess that really could be an issue with my group's research.

MALE PROFESSOR: Yes…. But I don't want to send you all back to square one … so how about you set up a meeting with your group members and discuss this. Then we can meet again and go over your ideas … and I think that we should be able to figure out a way to get around the problem.

二、Discuss a Research Project 托福听力中文翻译：

旁白：听一个学生和她的社会学教授之间的对话。

男教授：我很高兴你收到了我的信息，并且能够做到……但是你小组的其他成员汤姆和简呢？

女学生：他们实际上在图书馆…。他们今天下午晚些时候有一个生物实验室的任务……所以我来这里代表整个团队。

但是，嗯，当我们收到你关于担心我们的研究项目的电子邮件时，我们有点困惑。我们以为你对我们的项目想法很兴奋…。

男教授：嗯，我认为这是一个很好的研究课题，但当我仔细看了你完成研究的计划后，我意识到你的团队可能在自找麻烦。

女生：你是什么意思？我想……你知道……通过监控在图书馆学习的学生，我们真的可以，呃，很好地了解人们的学习习惯和东西。

男教授：问题是……我想你可能会有问题，因为霍桑效应。

女生：霍桑效应？

男教授：霍桑效应是一个技术术语，表示研究人员……呃，或多或少忘记了一个特定变量……研究人员自己的变量。

现在，图书馆里的学生……他们会知道你在观察他们，对吗？所以你必须考虑你的存在对你观察的人的影响。

女学生：但是……所以你认为……我的意思是，我们的观察结果并不是秘密&nbsp；学生们会确切地知道我们在做什么&nbsp；我的意思是，我们在图书馆外面挂了一个标志…。

男教授：是的……但就是这样…。当人们知道自己被监视时，他们的行为就会有所不同。让我解释一下霍桑效应是如何得名的……好吧，你会明白的。

看，有一个叫做霍桑工厂的制造工厂。研究人员在那里进行了一些实验，以了解哪些条件使工人的生产力最高。

女学生：什么情况？

男教授：嗯……他们试验的一件事是灯光…。工人在明亮的灯光或昏暗的灯光下是否更有效率？好吧，事情是这样的：无论研究人员做了什么，工人的生产力都提高了。照明改善后，生产率提高了。当灯光变暗时，生产率又提高了。

女生：那没什么意义。

男教授：没错…。所以最初，这个实验被认为是失败的。但后来研究人员意识到，他们自己的存在影响了工人的生产力。工人们知道，研究人员正在观察他们，对他们如此关注，工人们感到必须更加努力工作。

女生：哦……我想这真的可能是我小组研究的一个问题。

男教授：是的…。但我不想让你们都回到原点……那么，你和你的团队成员开个会议讨论一下怎么样。然后我们可以再次会面，讨论你的想法……我认为我们应该能够找到解决问题的方法。

三、Discuss a Research Project 托福听力问题：

Q1:1.Why does the student go to see the professor?

A. To get his opinion about why a project she recently completed had unexpected results.?

B. To discuss how a topic covered in class is similar to her group's research topic.

C. To ask him for suggestions to address a problem in her research.

D. To discuss the professor's concern about her group's research project.

Q2:2.In response to the professor's question, what does the woman say about Tom and Jane?

A. They are working on an assignment for another class.

B. They are already observing students for the research project.

C. They are dealing with a technical issue at the library.

D. They are making arrangements at the library for their research project.

Q3:3.What had the group of students planned to research?

A. The effect of noise on the productivity of library employees.

B. The effect of changing the amount of light in the library.

C. The study habits of students in the library.

D. The effect that being observed while studying has on students.

Q4:4.Why does the professor mention lighting?

A. To explain why production costs gradually increased over the years at a manufacturing plant

B. To give a reason for a decline in productivity at two manufacturing plants

C. To compare the working conditions at two manufacturing plants

D. To give an example of a working condition that was adjusted at a manufacturing plant

Q5:5.Replay: Why does the student say this?

A. She is disappointed with the observations that the members of her group have made so far.

B. She does not understand the point that the professor is making.

C. She wants to determine a way for her group to make observations in secret.

D. She is aware that her group’s presence might affect student behavior.

四、Discuss a Research Project 托福听力答案：

A1:正确答案：D

A2:正确答案：A

A3:正确答案：C

A4:正确答案：D

A5:正确答案：B

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