A Formal Analysis Of Art托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

A Formal Analysis Of Art托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、A Formal Analysis Of Art托福听力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.

MALE PROFESSOR:Last class I passed out your assignment for your first paper,and today I want to spend some time going over it.Mm…most people never take any art history until they get to college,so many of you have probably never written an art history paper before.

I gave you a list of appropriate works of art for you to write about.So your next step in this process needs to be to go look at the work you've selected as your topic.And bring a pencil and a notepad with you,because I don't mean you should just drop by at the museum and glance at it so you can say you've seen it in real life.You need to go and sit in front of the work and really look at it—carefully and slowly.And keep careful notes about what you see—you’ll need them for the kind of art history paper you're going to be writing…it's what we call a formal analysis.

A formal analysis of a work of art,any kind of art,is based on its formal qualities,which means qualities related to the form—things like color…texture…line…shapes…proportion…and composition.

Probably the closest thing to a formal analysis you might have written is for an English class.If you've…say…written an analysis of a poem,you've used the same skills—you've given an analysis of the poem by describing and analyzing its form and meter.A formal analysis paper in art history is very similar.

Now,before you begin writing your formal analysis,you'll want to start with a summary of the overall appearance of the work—a brief description of what you see.Are there figures—people?What are they doing?Or is it a landscape…or an abstract representation of something?Tell what the subject is,and what aspects are emphasized in the painting.This will give your reader an overview of what the work looks like before you analyze it.

The next part of your paper—the actual formal analysis—will be the longest and most important section of your paper,where you describe and analyze individual design elements.For this portion of the paper,you're going to rely on the notes you took at the museum,because you should be able to describe in detail the design elements the artist uses,and how they are used.For example,does the artist use harsh lines or soft lines—are the colors bright or muted?Focus on the design elements that you feel are most strongly represented in that particular work of art.And if you don't know where to begin,take note of where your eye goes first.Then describe things in the order in which your eye moves around the work.This will help you understand how one part relates to another—the interaction between the different parts of the work.OK,this kind of analysis should occur throughout the main portion of the paper.

In the last section of your paper—and this goes beyond formal analysis—you comment on the significance of what you have seen.What details of the work convey meaning?Some significant details will not be apparent to you right away,but if you look long enough,you realize how important they are for your interpretation of the work.

Many years ago,I was writing a formal analysis of a painting of a little boy.In the painting,a little boy was standing in his nursery,and he was holding a toy bird in his hand,and there were more toys around him in the background of the painting.Because of the bird he was holding,I assumed at first that the painting was about the innocence of children.But as I looked at the painting longer,I realized that the boy's eyes looked sad even though there was no discernable expression on his face.And then it dawned on me that,even though he was surrounded by toys,he was all alone in his nursery.The boy's eyes were a significant detail in the painting,that I didn't notice at first.

二、A Formal Analysis Of Art托福听力中文翻译：

旁白：在艺术史课上听一节课的一部分。

男教授：上节课我把你的第一篇论文的作业发给了你，今天我想花点时间复习一下。嗯……大多数人在上大学之前从来没有学过艺术史，所以你们中的很多人以前可能从来没有写过艺术史论文。

我给了你一份合适的艺术作品清单供你写。因此，您在此过程中的下一步需要是查看您选择的主题工作。带上铅笔和记事本，因为我不是说你应该顺道去博物馆看看，这样你就可以说你在现实生活中见过它。你需要坐在工作的前面，认真而缓慢地看着它。并仔细记下你所看到的，你将要写的那种艺术史论文需要它们……这就是我们所说的形式分析。

对一件艺术作品，任何一种艺术的形式分析，都是基于它的形式品质，这意味着与形式相关的品质，比如颜色……纹理……线条……形状……比例……和构图。

你可能写过的最接近正式分析的东西是英语课。如果你写了一首诗的分析，你就使用了与分析这首诗相同的技巧，通过描述和分析它的形式和韵律。艺术史上的正式分析论文非常相似。

现在，在你开始写正式的分析之前，你需要先对作品的整体外观进行一个总结——对你所看到的东西进行一个简短的描述。有人物吗？他们在做什么？或者它是一幅风景画……还是某种抽象的东西？说出主题是什么，以及绘画中强调了哪些方面。这会让读者在分析之前对作品有一个大致的了解。

论文的下一部分“实际形式分析”将是论文中最长、最重要的部分，您将在其中描述和分析各个设计元素。对于本文的这一部分，你将依赖于你在博物馆所做的笔记，因为你应该能够详细描述艺术家使用的设计元素，以及它们是如何使用的。例如，艺术家是否使用粗线条或软线条颜色是亮还是暗？专注于你认为在这件艺术作品中最能体现的设计元素。如果你不知道从哪里开始，记下你的眼睛先去哪里。然后按照眼睛围绕工作的顺序描述事情。这将帮助您了解一个部分与另一个部分之间的关系以及工作不同部分之间的相互作用。好的，这种分析应该贯穿论文的主要部分。

在论文的最后一部分，这超出了形式分析的范围，你对你所看到的东西的意义进行了评论。作品的哪些细节传达了意义？一些重要的细节不会马上对你显现出来，但如果你看得够久，你就会意识到它们对你解读作品有多么重要。

许多年前，我在写一幅关于一个小男孩的画的正式分析。在这幅画中，一个小男孩站在他的托儿所里，他手里拿着一只玩具鸟，在这幅画的背景中，他周围有更多的玩具。因为他手里拿着一只鸟，我起初以为这幅画是关于孩子们的纯真。但当我再看这幅画时，我意识到这个男孩的眼睛看起来很悲伤，尽管他的脸上没有明显的表情。后来我突然意识到，尽管他被玩具包围着，但他还是独自一人呆在托儿所里。男孩的眼睛是这幅画中一个重要的细节，一开始我没有注意到。

三、A Formal Analysis Of Art托福听力问题：

Q1:1.What point does the professor make about the writing of a formal analysis in art history?

A.Its objective is to identify common features of several works of art.

B.Its most important part is the explanation of an artwork's significance.

C.Several styles of writing a formal analysis are used by art historians.

D.A particular approach is required to present Information about an artwork.

Q2:2.According to the professor,what will students need to do before writing the art history paper?

A.Look at examples of formal analysis in textbooks

B.Take notes on the artwork they will write about

C.Go to different museums before selecting a topic for the paper

D.Study the historical context of the artwork they will write about

Q3:3.Why does the professor mention an English class?

A.To explain the difference between visual language and written language

B.To explain that students need good writing skills for their assignment

C.To point out similarities between a poetry paper and the students'assignment

D.To point out that many art historians become writers

Q4:4.What does the professor recommend as a way to understand the relationship between different parts of an artwork?

A.Looking for lines that connect different parts of the work

B.Examining the artwork from several different angles

C.Looking for similar colors the artist used throughout the work

D.Determining how the viewer's eyes move around the work

Q5:5.Why does the professor talk about his own experience analyzing the painting of a little boy?

A.To point out a common misconception about formal analysis

B.To stress the importance of looking at an artwork thoroughly

C.To show why a formal analysis should not emphasize small details

D.To provide an example of an artwork that is easy to analyze

Q6:6.The professor describes three sections the art history paper should contain.Place them in the order in which they should appear in the paper.Click on a phrase.Then drag it to the space where it belongs.

A.Analysis of the design elements the artist uses

B.Discussion of the meaning of the artwork

C.Summary of the appearance of the artwork

四、A Formal Analysis Of Art托福听力答案：

A1:正确答案：D

A2:正确答案：B

A3:正确答案：C

A4:正确答案：D

A5:正确答案：B

A6:正确答案：CAB

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