如何在雅思阅读中利用逻辑关系词提高分数

近年来，越来越多的中国学子选择留学，那其中如何在雅思阅读中利用逻辑关系词提高分数？本文则针对这个问题，为大家整理了资料，接下来咱们就一起往下了解吧。

关于逻辑关系词在阅读中的作用，我们首先来看一段文字：

the discourse markers signal relationships: between different parts of the discourse…the main reason for studying them is the usefulness in helping the reader to work out the meaning of difficult text.They often show the relationship the writer intends between two parts of the text,so if you can understand one part,the discourse marker is a possible key to the other part.

(Christine Nuttall,1996.Teaching Reading Skills in a Foreign Language,Heinemann)

具体到雅思阅读，逻辑关系词在解题中体现出两大功能：

一、语意推断

语意推断主要是运用于重点题型之一的摘要题(Summary)。具体是指根据空格所在句及前后句的逻辑关系词，分析词语之间，句子之间的语意关系，推断出所缺单词的大致含义。

例如：

1.剑4 / P77 / Q38

Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus on a particular linguistic feature.

根据while这个表示对比或转折的逻辑关系词，可以判断它前后部分是对比或反义关系。“a wide range of language”指的是语言研究的广泛的各个方面，可以预判空格处应是指具体的方面。

2.剑1 / P20 / Q4-5

The very first fire-lighting methods involved the creation of friction by, for example, rapidly rotating a wooden stick in a round hole.

根据介词“by”和“for example”这个表示举例的逻辑关系词，可以预判第二个空格应是和“creation of friction”(产生摩擦)的具体动作有关的词。

3.剑1 / P20 / Q6

The use of percussion or persistent chipping was also widespread in Europe …

题干中出现了表示递进的逻辑关系词in the short term … in the longer term …。快速查读原文，可定位于文中相同的逻辑结构in the immediate future … in the long term …。

另外，对雅思真题文章进行精读训练的同学会发现，除了以上两大功能之外，逻辑关系词在原文中的位置还常常是命题考点最集中的地方。因此学习和掌握逻辑关系词在阅读中的功能和作用，将对提高答题的速度起关键性的作用。同时，能够熟练运用逻辑关系词对于写出条理清楚，层次分明的雅思作文也大有帮助。

二、定位例如：

1.剑5 / P50 / Q30-31

题干：In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English hadneither the technical vocabulary nor the grammatical resourcesto express their ideas.

原文：First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary.Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required torepresent the world … (Para.7) 题干中出现的neither…nor…是连接两个否定概念的并列逻辑关系词。原文中对应出现了完全相同的逻辑关系，即first, it lacked …,second it lacked …(表现方式有所变化)。我们可根据这种对应的逻辑关系在原文中快速定位答案信息源。

2.剑5 / P50 / Q33-34

题干：Although English was then overtaken by German, itdeveloped again in the 19th century as a direct result of theindustrial revolution.

原文：In the following century much of this momentum waslost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. … However, in the 19th century scientificEnglish again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrialrevolution created the need for new technical vocabulary

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