雅思写作中的动词用法
2024-08-04 14:26:41 来源:中国教育在线
随着留学市场的不断发展,越来越多的学生选择留学。如果你也是想要留学的学生之一,那么你就需要参加语言考试,其中雅思托福就是最为常见的英语考试,下面中国教育在线外语频道小编就为大家介绍一下雅思写作中的动词用法。
动词方面的问题
动词是写作中最令考生纠结、最拧巴的一类词汇,在写作中,不仅要顾及到动词的时(过去、现在、将来)和体(一般、进行、完成、完成进行),还要关注它们的语态(主动语态、被动语态)和语气(真实语气、非真实语气/虚拟语气),在句子中作谓语(动词受主语单数、复数的影响,且动词有时态标志)或者非谓语(动词不受主语单数、复数的影响,也没有时态标志)的特性。
一、谓语动词的时态
(1)The graph shows that skateboarding or rollerblading was less popular among children.
改正:wasis
译文:图表表明滑板或轮滑在孩子中不那么受欢迎。
解析:本句所在的图表中没有提及时间,不必使用过去时。
(2)For another, web games are really prevalent among students, which made them neglect their studies.
改正:mademakes
译文:另一方面,网络游戏深受学生欢迎,这会使得他们忽视自己的学习。
解析:网络游戏的盛行,是一种现状,用一般现在时表述即可。
(3)For instance, if colleges wanted to own a favorable academic environment and introduce talents, great sum of money is required.
改正:wantedwant
译文:例如:如果大学要引进人才并创造良好的学术氛围,就需要大量的资金。
解析:本句假设是基于现状做出的,动词用一般现在时态。
另:本句改为For instance, if colleges wanted to introduce talents and create a favorable academic environment, great sum of money is required.更符合逻辑。
二、谓语动词的语气/语态
(1)If the government is encouraged to cover the complete fees, higher education would develop more equally.
改正:is encouragedwere encouraged/should be encouraged
译文:如果鼓励政府承担所有的学费,高等教育发展将会更公平。
解析:本句是虚拟语气。If从句的动词与将来相反,be动词应该使用were;或动词改成should+动词原形。
(2)In spite of the society now is fully advocated that a equal between the men and women, the ratio of the works is still unable to make it realized.
改正:In spite ofAlthough;advocatedadvocating;that a equalan equality;the worksjobs
译文:尽管现代社会完全提倡男女平等,但是工作的比例问题仍旧不能够确保这种平等实现。
解析:in spite of+名词性短语,although后面接让步状语从句;the society与advocate之间是主动关系,用主动语态;advocate后面跟的是名词短语作宾语,不是宾语从句,that没有必要,且在名词短语中,equal是形容词,需要改成名词;works表示泛指,且是不可数名词,应该去掉the,改成jobs或者work。
(3)If the government could be responsible for that(学费)would be more considerate of the students who will contribute more to society, even the nation.
改正:would be, it would be
译文:如果政府能够承担学费,学生会更加体谅政府,也因此会给社会甚至国家做更多的贡献。
解析:本句是含有if的虚拟主从复合句,if置于句首,从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,且主句缺少主语,用it表示,替代这种状况。
(4)Therefore, the issue who should take care of this problem is continued being taken about.
改正:the issue whothe issue about who;taken abouttalked about
译文:因此,人们都在继续讨论谁应负责此事这一问题。
解析:the issue就是关于who从句的,中间加about即可;或者把the issue去掉,做成who引导的主语从句。taken about属于词汇使用错误。
(5)If I was an employer, I would obviously choose the employees who have been trained in this field.
改正:was改成were
译文:显而易见,如果我是老板,我也会优先选择在相关领域接受过培训的员工。
解析:这是与现在相反的虚拟语气,从句be动词应该用were。
三、非谓语动词的形式
非谓语动词是众多考上的弱项,包括语言能力在雅思6分以上的考生也经常出现类似的错误。它主要分为三个方面:动词不定式(to+V.原形和V.原形)、分词(现在分词V.-ing和过去分词V.-ed)、动名词(V.-ing)。
(1)Take all these factors into consideration, the Internet has its drawbacks.
改正:TakeTaking
译文:考虑到所有这些因素,网络还是存在弊端。
解析:这是一个断句现象,两个短句之间不存在任何的并列连词。可以考虑把前者做成现在分词短语。
(2)There is a general discussion about the issue of children doing paid work is completely wrong.
改正:the issue of childrenwhether childrens
译文:人们都在讨论,孩子做有偿劳动是否完全错误。
解析:about 后面在没有任何从属连词的前提下,存在一个句子,是不合理的。根据意思表述,做如上修改.
(3)Those who object to it argue that who is the valuable work experience, important for their learning.
改正:that who is thethe it is
译文:那些反对的人认为,这是有价值的工作经验,对于学生的学习很重要。
解析:argue that后面是一个宾语从句,句子的主语不应该是who,而是一种行为。
(4)Though sometimes children feel tired and hard to finish their work, they must be face with many difficulties and challenges if they choose to work.
改正:children feel tiredthey feel tired;they mustchildren must
译文:尽管有时候会感到很累,很难完成工作,但是如果选择做有偿劳动,孩子们就必须得面对许多困难和挑战。
解析:在主从复合句中,人称代词作主语通常置于从句中,而名词做主语置于主句之中。
(5)In addition, the government can make economic reforms to colleges is that schools pay students for doing community services around colleges.
改正:to colleges is thatto colleges, which is that
译文:此外,政府可以针对大学进行改革,即学校付钱给学生在学校附近进行社区服务。
解析:that从句是解释说明的经济改革的内容,可以采用非限定性定语从句的方式修改。
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